Omid Khormali

This paper traces the historical development of the square-and-multiply algorithm, arguing that while its conceptual foundation dates back to ancient Indian prosody, its formal articulation as a general method is attributed to Jamshid al-Kashi in the fifteenth century.

The paper proposes two methods for predicting tennis match outcomes using topological data analysis and graph theory. The first method uses lower-star filtration and persistent homology, achieving 66.2% accuracy. The second method uses a modified Katz similarity index with temporal edge weighting, achieving 62.48% accuracy.