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~ similar to 2604.05242v2· 20 results

cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 12, 2026

Every Bit, Everywhere, All at Once: A Binomial Multibit LLM Watermark

Thibaud Gloaguen, Robin Staab, Mark Vero, Martin Vechev

The paper proposes a novel binomial multibit LLM watermarking scheme that encodes every bit of a payload at every token position, achieving superior message accuracy and robustness compared to existin…

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 1, 2026

Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking

Joeun Kim, HoEun Kim, Dongsup Jin, Young-Sik Kim

The paper introduces BREW, a novel framework that significantly improves the reliability of multi-bit text watermarking for LLMs by replacing flawed decoding-centric methods with a designated two-stag…

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 22, 2026

Robust LLM Watermarking with Minimal Semantic Distortion for IP Protection

Kieu Dang, Phung Lai, NhatHai Phan, Yelong Shen +1 more

The paper proposes SAFESEAL, a novel key-conditioned watermarking framework that embeds robust, provider-specific watermarks into LLM outputs with minimal semantic distortion, effectively protecting i…

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cs.CRRecentApr 13, 2026

RLSpoofer: A Lightweight Evaluator for LLM Watermark Spoofing Resilience

Hanbo Huang, Xuan Gong, Yiran Zhang, Hao Zheng +1 more

The paper introduces RLSpoofer, a lightweight, black-box reinforcement learning attack that demonstrates the fragile resilience of current LLM watermarking schemes by achieving a high spoofing success…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentApr 13, 2026

Beyond A Fixed Seal: Adaptive Stealing Watermark in Large Language Models

Shuhao Zhang, Yuli Chen, Jiale Han, Bo Cheng +1 more

The paper proposes Adaptive Stealing (AS), a novel and more robust watermark stealing algorithm that dynamically selects optimal attack perspectives to significantly increase the efficiency of comprom…

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cs.CLcs.AIRecentMay 30, 2026

Linguistics-Aware Non-Distortionary LLM Watermarking

Shinwoo Park, Hyejin Park, Hyeseon An, Yo-Sub Han

The paper introduces LUNA, a linguistically adaptive watermarking technique that achieves high detection accuracy across diverse languages while maintaining minimal text distortion, outperforming exis…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 27, 2026

Blind PRNG Hijacking: An Undetectable Integrity-Preserving Attack Against LLM Watermarking

Ziyang You, Huilong He, Xiaoke Yang, Xuxing Lu

The paper introduces SeedHijack, a novel, undetectable supply-chain attack that biases LLM watermarking signals by hijacking the underlying Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) without altering the g…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 27, 2026

Blind PRNG Hijacking: An Undetectable Integrity-Preserving Attack Against LLM Watermarking

Ziyang You, Huilong He, Xiaoke Yang, Xuxing Lu

The paper introduces SeedHijack, a novel, undetectable supply-chain attack that biases LLM watermarking signals by hijacking the underlying PRNG, thereby amplifying the watermark without altering the…

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cs.CLRecentMay 28, 2026

Linear Ensembles Wash Away Watermarks: On the Fragility of Distributional Perturbations in LLMs

Zhihao Wu, Gracia Gong, Qinglin Zhu, Yudong Chen +1 more

The paper demonstrates that combining outputs from multiple large language models (LLMs) effectively cancels out statistical watermarks, revealing a fundamental vulnerability in current AI text detect…

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cs.CRRecentApr 13, 2026

Can we Watermark Low-Entropy LLM Outputs?

Noam Mazor, Andrew Morgan, Rafael Pass

This paper develops provably undetectable and robust watermarking schemes for LLM outputs even when the per-token entropy is only constant, removing previous dependencies on high entropy rates or larg…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 9, 2026

PASA: A Principled Embedding-Space Watermarking Approach for LLM-Generated Text under Semantic-Invariant Attacks

Zhenxin Ai, Haiyun He

PASA introduces a robust, semantic-level watermarking technique that embeds and detects watermarks in the latent embedding space, successfully resisting semantic-invariant attacks like paraphrasing.

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 8, 2026

Vaporizer: Breaking Watermarking Schemes for Large Language Model Outputs

Jonathan Hong Jin Ng, Anh Tu Ngo, Anupam Chattopadhyay

The paper analyzes the robustness of current LLM watermarking schemes against various text modifications, concluding that watermarks can be removed with reasonable effort.

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cs.CRRecentApr 17, 2026

MATRIX: Multi-Layer Code Watermarking via Dual-Channel Constrained Parity-Check Encoding

Yuqing Nie, Chong Wang, Guosheng Xu, Guoai Xu +3 more

MATRIX is a novel, robust code watermarking framework that encodes watermarks using constrained parity-check matrix equations, achieving high detection accuracy and improved robustness for code proven…

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cs.CRcs.CLcs.LGRecentMay 12, 2026

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection

Tom Sander, Hongyan Chang, Tomáš Souček, Tuan Tran +9 more

TextSeal is a novel, non-overhead, and robust watermark for LLMs that enables accurate provenance tracking and detection of unauthorized use even after model distillation.

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentApr 14, 2026

TimeMark: A Trustworthy Time Watermarking Framework for Exact Generation-Time Recovery from AIGC

Shangkun Che, Silin Du, Ge Gao

TimeMark proposes a trustworthy time watermarking framework that uses cryptographic techniques and error-correcting codes to achieve 100% accurate recovery of the generation time from AIGC, resisting…

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cs.CRRecentApr 30, 2026

VOW: Verifiable and Oblivious Watermark Detection for Large Language Models

Xiaokun Luan, Yihao Zhang, Pengcheng Su, Feiran Lei +1 more

VOW introduces a novel, privacy-preserving, and cryptographically verifiable protocol for detecting watermarks in LLM-generated text, overcoming the limitations of centralized and non-verifiable exist…

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cs.CRRecentMay 4, 2026

VertMark: A Unified Training-Free Robust Watermarking Framework for Vertical Domain Pre-trained Language Models

Cong Kong, Xin Cheng, Zhaoxia Yin, Shuai Li +2 more

VertMark introduces a novel, unified, and training-free framework to embed robust watermarks into vertical domain pre-trained language models (VPLMs) for copyright protection across multiple specializ…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentApr 24, 2026

SSG: Logit-Balanced Vocabulary Partitioning for LLM Watermarking

Chenxi Gu, Xiaoning Du, John Grundy

The paper proposes SSG, a novel logit-balanced vocabulary partitioning method, to enhance the watermark strength and detectability of LLM-generated content, especially in low-entropy domains like code…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentMay 28, 2026

AliMark: Enhancing Robustness of Sentence-Level Watermarking Against Text Paraphrasing

Yuexin Li, Wenjie Qu, Linyu Wu, Yulin Chen +4 more

AliMark proposes a novel framework that enhances the robustness of sentence-level watermarking by reformulating the problem as a bit sequence encoding and alignment task, significantly improving resil…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentMay 28, 2026

AliMark: Enhancing Robustness of Sentence-Level Watermarking Against Text Paraphrasing

Yuexin Li, Wenjie Qu, Linyu Wu, Yulin Chen +4 more

AliMark proposes a novel watermarking framework that treats sentence-level watermarking as a bit sequence alignment problem, significantly enhancing robustness against structural text perturbations li…

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