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~ similar to 2604.12051v1· 20 results

cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 22, 2026

Robust LLM Watermarking with Minimal Semantic Distortion for IP Protection

Kieu Dang, Phung Lai, NhatHai Phan, Yelong Shen +1 more

The paper proposes SAFESEAL, a novel key-conditioned watermarking framework that embeds robust, provider-specific watermarks into LLM outputs with minimal semantic distortion, effectively protecting i…

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cs.CLcs.AIcs.CRRecentApr 6, 2026

XMark: Reliable Multi-Bit Watermarking for LLM-Generated Texts

Jiahao Xu, Rui Hu, Olivera Kotevska, Zikai Zhang

XMark introduces a novel multi-bit watermarking technique that reliably embeds binary messages into LLM-generated text while maintaining high text quality and robust performance even with limited toke…

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cs.CLcs.AIRecentMay 30, 2026

Linguistics-Aware Non-Distortionary LLM Watermarking

Shinwoo Park, Hyejin Park, Hyeseon An, Yo-Sub Han

The paper introduces LUNA, a linguistically adaptive watermarking technique that achieves high detection accuracy across diverse languages while maintaining minimal text distortion, outperforming exis…

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cs.CLRecentMay 28, 2026

Linear Ensembles Wash Away Watermarks: On the Fragility of Distributional Perturbations in LLMs

Zhihao Wu, Gracia Gong, Qinglin Zhu, Yudong Chen +1 more

The paper demonstrates that combining outputs from multiple large language models (LLMs) effectively cancels out statistical watermarks, revealing a fundamental vulnerability in current AI text detect…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 8, 2026

Vaporizer: Breaking Watermarking Schemes for Large Language Model Outputs

Jonathan Hong Jin Ng, Anh Tu Ngo, Anupam Chattopadhyay

The paper analyzes the robustness of current LLM watermarking schemes against various text modifications, concluding that watermarks can be removed with reasonable effort.

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentApr 13, 2026

Beyond A Fixed Seal: Adaptive Stealing Watermark in Large Language Models

Shuhao Zhang, Yuli Chen, Jiale Han, Bo Cheng +1 more

The paper proposes Adaptive Stealing (AS), a novel and more robust watermark stealing algorithm that dynamically selects optimal attack perspectives to significantly increase the efficiency of comprom…

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cs.CRRecentApr 13, 2026

RLSpoofer: A Lightweight Evaluator for LLM Watermark Spoofing Resilience

Hanbo Huang, Xuan Gong, Yiran Zhang, Hao Zheng +1 more

The paper introduces RLSpoofer, a lightweight, black-box reinforcement learning attack that demonstrates the fragile resilience of current LLM watermarking schemes by achieving a high spoofing success…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 12, 2026

Every Bit, Everywhere, All at Once: A Binomial Multibit LLM Watermark

Thibaud Gloaguen, Robin Staab, Mark Vero, Martin Vechev

The paper proposes a novel binomial multibit LLM watermarking scheme that encodes every bit of a payload at every token position, achieving superior message accuracy and robustness compared to existin…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 9, 2026

PASA: A Principled Embedding-Space Watermarking Approach for LLM-Generated Text under Semantic-Invariant Attacks

Zhenxin Ai, Haiyun He

PASA introduces a robust, semantic-level watermarking technique that embeds and detects watermarks in the latent embedding space, successfully resisting semantic-invariant attacks like paraphrasing.

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 27, 2026

Blind PRNG Hijacking: An Undetectable Integrity-Preserving Attack Against LLM Watermarking

Ziyang You, Huilong He, Xiaoke Yang, Xuxing Lu

The paper introduces SeedHijack, a novel, undetectable supply-chain attack that biases LLM watermarking signals by hijacking the underlying Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) without altering the g…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 27, 2026

Blind PRNG Hijacking: An Undetectable Integrity-Preserving Attack Against LLM Watermarking

Ziyang You, Huilong He, Xiaoke Yang, Xuxing Lu

The paper introduces SeedHijack, a novel, undetectable supply-chain attack that biases LLM watermarking signals by hijacking the underlying PRNG, thereby amplifying the watermark without altering the…

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 1, 2026

Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking

Joeun Kim, HoEun Kim, Dongsup Jin, Young-Sik Kim

The paper introduces BREW, a novel framework that significantly improves the reliability of multi-bit text watermarking for LLMs by replacing flawed decoding-centric methods with a designated two-stag…

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cs.CRRecentApr 17, 2026

MATRIX: Multi-Layer Code Watermarking via Dual-Channel Constrained Parity-Check Encoding

Yuqing Nie, Chong Wang, Guosheng Xu, Guoai Xu +3 more

MATRIX is a novel, robust code watermarking framework that encodes watermarks using constrained parity-check matrix equations, achieving high detection accuracy and improved robustness for code proven…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CYRecentMar 24, 2026

Robust Safety Monitoring of Language Models via Activation Watermarking

Toluwani Aremu, Daniil Ognev, Samuele Poppi, Nils Lukas

This paper addresses the vulnerability of existing LLM safety monitors to adaptive attackers and proposes activation watermarking, a technique that significantly improves detection robustness against…

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cs.CRcs.CLcs.LGRecentMay 12, 2026

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection

Tom Sander, Hongyan Chang, Tomáš Souček, Tuan Tran +9 more

TextSeal is a novel, non-overhead, and robust watermark for LLMs that enables accurate provenance tracking and detection of unauthorized use even after model distillation.

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentApr 24, 2026

SSG: Logit-Balanced Vocabulary Partitioning for LLM Watermarking

Chenxi Gu, Xiaoning Du, John Grundy

The paper proposes SSG, a novel logit-balanced vocabulary partitioning method, to enhance the watermark strength and detectability of LLM-generated content, especially in low-entropy domains like code…

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cs.CRRecentMay 4, 2026

VertMark: A Unified Training-Free Robust Watermarking Framework for Vertical Domain Pre-trained Language Models

Cong Kong, Xin Cheng, Zhaoxia Yin, Shuai Li +2 more

VertMark introduces a novel, unified, and training-free framework to embed robust watermarks into vertical domain pre-trained language models (VPLMs) for copyright protection across multiple specializ…

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cs.CLcs.CRRecentApr 9, 2026

Efficient Provably Secure Linguistic Steganography via Range Coding

Ruiyi Yan, Yugo Murawaki

The paper proposes an efficient and provably secure linguistic steganography method using range coding that achieves high embedding capacity and speed, outperforming existing methods.

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cs.CRcs.CLcs.LGRecentJun 3, 2026

Global Sketch-Based Watermarking for Diffusion Language Models

Daniel Zhao

The paper proposes a novel global sketch-based watermarking technique for diffusion language models that controls the entire sequence's statistics, offering an order-agnostic and context-independent a…

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cs.CRRecentApr 30, 2026

VOW: Verifiable and Oblivious Watermark Detection for Large Language Models

Xiaokun Luan, Yihao Zhang, Pengcheng Su, Feiran Lei +1 more

VOW introduces a novel, privacy-preserving, and cryptographically verifiable protocol for detecting watermarks in LLM-generated text, overcoming the limitations of centralized and non-verifiable exist…

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