The paper introduces the Unicity Execution Layer, a secure, modular component that enables trustless off-chain transactions while guaranteeing double-spending prevention and enhancing user privacy.

The paper proposes BitSov, an eight-layer, Bitcoin-native architectural framework designed to build sovereign internet infrastructure by composing existing decentralized technologies.

The paper introduces Ark, a novel Bitcoin-compatible commit-chain that enables offchain transaction batching of virtual UTXOs (VTXOs) with a constant onchain footprint, solving scalability issues with…

The paper introduces ClawCoin, a novel tokenized, compute-cost-indexed unit of account designed to solve the problem of non-transferable compute costs in decentralized AI agent economies.

This paper analyzes the x402 payment protocol, revealing systemic vulnerabilities in state synchronization and signature design that allow attackers to exploit payment systems for resource leakage in…

This paper analyzes the x402 payment protocol, revealing critical synchronization and security flaws that allow attackers to exploit payment systems and force merchants to subsidize compute costs.

GasLiteAA proposes optimizing the ERC-4337 standard by offloading gas sponsorship logic to Trusted Execution Environments (TEE), significantly reducing on-chain gas costs while maintaining security an…

This paper provides the first unified, security-focused survey that rigorously maps Layer-2 (L2) blockchain architecture to its underlying cryptographic security assumptions.

The paper characterizes Homomorphic Encryption (HE) operations on a real-world Processing-In-Memory (PIM) system, demonstrating that while PIM is a viable alternative to CPUs/GPUs, performance is limi…

The paper generalizes Unicity token ownership using programmable spending conditions called predicates, enabling trustless atomic swaps and smart-contract-like functionality executed off-chain.

The paper proposes extit{codename}, an architecture that enforces verifiable workflows across untrusted networks by combining hardware-isolated control and kernel-resident data planes, achieving low-…

The paper introduces EBCC, an OCI-compatible runtime architecture that manages composite confidential-computing workloads by integrating TEE-backed execution into the standard container lifecycle.

The paper introduces PASS, a Provenanced Access Subaccount System that replaces traditional key-based control with verifiable provenance-based control for blockchain wallets, enabling secure, multi-ac…

The paper introduces SuperPaymaster, an Asset-Oriented Abstraction (AOA) paymaster that eliminates the need for a centralized off-chain signer, thereby improving the decentralization and efficiency of…

TeeDAO introduces a novel three-layer framework that autonomously organizes and manages multiple heterogeneous Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) to provide robust, distributed-trust systems with h…

The paper proposes a canonical, end-to-end validation framework to ensure secure integration of Alternative Data Availability (AltDA) systems with Ethereum Layer 2s, demonstrating that L2 integration…

The paper analyzes Ethereum builder transactions to show that builder centralization is an emergent property of the Proposer-Builder Separation (PBS) architecture, driven by specific order flow and ME…

zk-X509 is a privacy-preserving identity system that uses zero-knowledge proofs to prove ownership of standard X.509 certificates on a public blockchain without revealing private keys or personal data…

The paper introduces Portable Agent Memory, an open protocol designed to allow persistent, cryptographically-verified memory state to be reliably transferred between diverse and heterogeneous AI agent…

The paper introduces MORPH, a framework that reformulates Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) computations to efficiently utilize AI ASICs like TPUs, achieving up to 10x higher throughput on NTT.