The paper introduces Bitcoin Smart Accounts (BSA), a novel, trust-minimized protocol enabling native Bitcoin to participate in DeFi while maintaining self-custody of funds.

The paper proposes n-VM, a novel Layer-1 architecture that unifies multiple heterogeneous virtual machines (VMs) onto a shared consensus and state layer, solving cross-chain fragmentation issues.

This paper analyzes Bitcoin's new V2 P2P transport protocol, demonstrating that while it fixes known vulnerabilities, attackers can still execute conceptual attacks like message identification via pay…

The paper proposes Sovereign 2.0, a control-plane-centric model redefining cloud sovereignty as enforceable governance authority and operational control, rather than mere data location.

This paper analyzes high-impact Web3 security incidents to show that most losses stem from off-chain organizational and operational failures, not just smart contract bugs.

The paper introduces Ark, a novel Bitcoin-compatible commit-chain that enables offchain transaction batching of virtual UTXOs (VTXOs) with a constant onchain footprint, solving scalability issues with…

This paper analyzes the x402 payment protocol, revealing systemic vulnerabilities in state synchronization and signature design that allow attackers to exploit payment systems for resource leakage in…

This paper analyzes the x402 payment protocol, revealing critical synchronization and security flaws that allow attackers to exploit payment systems and force merchants to subsidize compute costs.

The paper estimates the quantum resources required to break 256-bit ECC cryptography and warns that fast-clock quantum computers could enable on-spend attacks on modern cryptocurrencies, necessitating…

The paper systematizes the interaction between autonomous AI agents and blockchain platforms using a bidirectional trust framework, identifying significant gaps in current standards and proposing a ta…

The paper introduces ClawCoin, a novel tokenized, compute-cost-indexed unit of account designed to solve the problem of non-transferable compute costs in decentralized AI agent economies.

This study demonstrates that the publicly distributed firmware of ASIC cryptocurrency miners constitutes a primary and sufficient attack surface, allowing attackers to reconstruct internal architectur…

This paper advances the lightweight blockchain verification protocol, FlyClient, by addressing technical challenges, introducing a new adversary model, and providing practical implementations and opti…

The paper proposes Federated Computing as Code (FCaC), a declarative architecture that enforces sovereignty-critical constraints in federated systems by compiling authority into cryptographically veri…

The paper systematically analyzes 36 existing and proposed digital payment system designs to identify recurring patterns, technical trade-offs, and implementation challenges relevant for future Centra…

The paper introduces MEV non-interference, a formal security notion, to ensure that composing new smart contracts in DeFi does not increase the maximal extractable value, thereby providing a formal fo…

The paper proposes a compliance-aware architecture for agentic payments on stablecoin rails that embeds regulatory checks directly into the on-chain execution flow to ensure safe, low-friction transfe…

The paper demonstrates that current transfer-based AML systems fail in complex DeFi environments because economic value migration can be structurally decoupled from explicit token transfers.

The paper proposes a hash-based commit-reveal alternative to minimize the infrastructural overhead associated with adopting large post-quantum signature schemes in blockchain transactions.

The paper proposes replacing individual agent autonomy with a structured 'social contract' and institutional Separation of Power (SoP) to mitigate systemic failures and deceptive behavior in multi-age…