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~ similar to 2605.29473· 20 results

cs.CLRecentMay 31, 2026

Lost in Delusion: Examining LLM Safety Under User Delusions and Distress

Andrew Aquilina, Chetna Nihalani, Vasudha Varadarajan, Nathan S. Fishbein +2 more

The paper finds that while LLMs can detect distress regardless of delusional framing, they significantly fail to intervene safely when distress is intertwined with delusion, suggesting a critical reco…

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cs.AIcs.CLRecentJun 1, 2026

Food Noise & False Safety: A Systematic Evaluation of How LLMs Fail to Adapt to Eating Disorder Queries with Clinician Feedback

Giulia Pucci, Emily Hemendinger, Ruizhe Li, Gavin Abercrombie +2 more

This paper systematically evaluates how LLMs uncritically adapt to potentially dangerous user prompts related to eating disorders, finding that specific linguistic cues significantly increase the like…

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cs.HCcs.AIcs.CLRecentMay 28, 2026

LLUMI: Improving LLM Writing Assistance for Mental Health Support with Online Community Feedback

Jiwon Kim, Maya Ajit, Sherry Gong, Soorya Ram Shimgekar +3 more

The paper introduces LLUMI, an open-source framework that improves LLM writing assistance for mental health support using community feedback, demonstrating comparable performance to proprietary models…

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cs.AIcs.LGRecentMay 28, 2026

When Does Persona Prompting Actually Help? A Retrieval and Metric Analysis of Expert Role Injection in LLMs

Shuai Xiao, Su Liu, Weikai Zhou, Jialun Wu +3 more

Persona prompting does not universally improve LLM performance; instead, it systematically trades increased expertise depth for reduced clarity, making multi-metric evaluation essential.

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cs.AIRecentMay 28, 2026

Think Fast, Talk Smart: Partitioning Deterministic and Neural Computation for Structured Health Text Generation

Kai-Chen Cheng, Haejun Han, David Q. Sun

The paper proposes 'Think Fast, Talk Smart,' a pipeline that separates deterministic data analysis from LLM generation, showing that offloading recurring, structured tasks to code significantly improv…

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cs.CLcs.AIcs.CRRecentMar 31, 2026

Can LLMs Infer Conversational Agent Users' Personality Traits from Chat History?

Derya Cögendez, Verena Zimmermann, Noé Zufferey

This study quantifies the privacy risk of inferring sensitive personality traits from user interactions with LLM-based conversational agents, demonstrating that machine learning models can accurately…

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cs.CLcs.AIRecentMay 28, 2026

Same Patient, Different Words, Different Diagnosis? Evaluating Semantic Stability in Clinical LLMs

Mahdi Alkaeed, Adnan Qayyum, Nabeel Abo Kashreef, Muhammad Bilal +1 more

The paper evaluates the semantic stability of clinical LLMs to linguistic variations, finding that domain specialization does not guarantee consistent robustness improvements.

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cs.CLcs.AIcs.CYRecentMay 29, 2026

Toxic HallucinAItions: Perturbing Prompts and Tracing LLM Circuits

Soorya Ram Shimgekar, Agam Goyal, Amruta Parulekar, Joshua Chen +5 more

The paper demonstrates that increasing the toxicity of prompts significantly degrades the factual reliability of LLMs, a degradation linked to the selective amplification of perturbation-sensitive nod…

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cs.HCcs.CRRecentMay 11, 2026

When Are LLM Inferences Acceptable? User Reactions and Control Preferences for Inferred Personal Information

Kyzyl Monteiro, Minjung Park, Alexander Ioffrida, Angelina Sanna +5 more

This study investigated user reactions to inferred personal information from their own ChatGPT histories, finding that acceptability is governed by context-sensitive norms regarding generation, retent…

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cs.CLcs.LGRecentJun 1, 2026

Investigating and Alleviating Harm Amplification in LLM Interactions

Ruohao Guo, Wei Xu, Alan Ritter

This paper introduces HarmAmp, a new benchmark for multi-turn harm amplification, and proposes TrajSafe, a proactive monitoring system that significantly reduces harmfulness in LLM interactions while…

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cs.CLcs.AIRecentMay 27, 2026

Models That Know How Evaluations Are Designed Score Safer

Katharina Deckenbach, Haritz Puerto, Jonas Geiping, Sahar Abdelnabi

The paper demonstrates that models can acquire 'evaluation meta-knowledge' from training data describing evaluation practices, leading to inflated safety benchmark performance that is independent of e…

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cs.CLcs.AIcs.LGRecentMay 30, 2026

On the Limits of LLM Adaptability: Impact of Model-Internalized Priors on Annotation Task Performance

Etienne Casanova, Rafal Kocielnik, R. Michael Alvarez

The paper demonstrates that LLM performance in zero-shot annotation is significantly limited by the alignment between the model's internal understanding and the task definition, showing that prompt-ba…

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cs.CLcs.AIcs.HCRecentMay 28, 2026

EUDAIMONIA: Evaluating Undesirable Dynamics in AI

Jun Rui Huang, Wang Bill Zhu, Ziyi Liu, Nathanael Fast +2 more

The paper introduces EUDAIMONIA, a new framework and benchmark for evaluating how well LLMs align with user welfare in social interactions, finding that even state-of-the-art models frequently violate…

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cs.CLcs.AIRecentJun 1, 2026

Identifying High-Confidence Social Biases in LLMs for Trustworthy Conversational Tutoring Agents

Aitor Arronte Alvarez, Naiyi Xie Fincham

This study evaluates LLMs in conversational tutoring to identify high-confidence social biases, finding that state-of-the-art models are often overconfident in their incorrect assessments of stereotyp…

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cs.AIcs.CLcs.CYRecentMay 27, 2026

MIRA: A Bilingual Benchmark for Medical Information Response Audit

Mengyu Xu, Qiaoxin Yang, Qianqian Wang, Xiwei Dai +2 more

The paper introduces MIRA, a bilingual benchmark that reveals that LLMs tend to dilute or omit critical medical information when responding to prompts from users with low health literacy, a pattern te…

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cs.CLRecentJun 1, 2026

Not What, But How: A Communicative Audit of LLM Response Framing

Siddhesh Milind Pawar, Sarah Masud, Haneul Yoo, Alice Oh +1 more

The paper introduces FRANZ, a communicative audit framework, to evaluate how LLMs frame responses to subjective questions, finding that LLMs exhibit statistically significant and coupled differences i…

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cs.HCcs.AIRecentMay 27, 2026

The Decision to Verify: How Warmth and User Characteristics Shape Reliance on Conversational Agents for Information Search

Mert Yazan, Frederik Bungaran Ishak Situmeang, Suzan Verberne

Despite having access to web search, users' reliance on conversational AI for information remains high, driven primarily by pre-existing trust and influenced indirectly by the chatbot's conversational…

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cs.CLRecentMay 29, 2026

LLM Judges Inconsistently Disagree Across Safety Criteria and Harm Categories

Krishnapriya Vishnubhotla, Soumya Vajjala, Akriti Vij, Isar Nejadgholi

The paper evaluates the inconsistency of using LLMs as automated judges for multi-dimensional safety evaluations, finding that LLMs are unreliable for nuanced safety issues like financial advice but m…

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cs.AIcs.CYq-fin.RMRecentMay 27, 2026

The Ethics of LLM Sandbox and Persona Dynamics

Tim Gebbie, Stewart Gebbie

The paper argues that LLM guardrails and persona dynamics create an unethical 'reality gap' by laundering epistemic risk onto users, advocating for task-level causal requirements over response-level m…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 11, 2026

Threat Modelling using Domain-Adapted Language Models: Empirical Evaluation and Insights

Saba Pourhanifeh, AbdulAziz AbdulGhaffar, Ashraf Matrawy

The paper empirically evaluates domain-adapted and general-purpose LLMs for structured threat modelling (STRIDE on 5G security), finding that domain adaptation and model size do not guarantee reliable…

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