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~ similar to 2604.01444v2· 20 results

cs.CLcs.CRRecentMay 1, 2026

ML-Bench&Guard: Policy-Grounded Multilingual Safety Benchmark and Guardrail for Large Language Models

Yunhan Zhao, Zhaorun Chen, Xingjun Ma, Yu-Gang Jiang +1 more

The paper introduces ML-Bench, a policy-grounded multilingual safety benchmark, and ML-Guard, a superior guardrail model that enables culturally and legally aligned safety assessment for LLMs across 1…

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cs.CRcs.CVRecentMar 18, 2026

Toward Reliable, Safe, and Secure LLMs for Scientific Applications

Saket Sanjeev Chaturvedi, Joshua Bergerson, Tanwi Mallick

This paper addresses the critical need for trustworthy LLMs in science by proposing a comprehensive, multi-layered defense framework and methodology to evaluate unique scientific vulnerabilities.

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 18, 2026

Babel: Jailbreaking Safety Attention via Obfuscation Distribution Optimized Sampling

Ziwei Wang, Jing Chen, Ruichao Liang, Zhi Wang +5 more

The paper introduces Babel, an efficient black-box attack framework that systematically exploits intrinsic safety gaps in LLMs by optimizing text obfuscation sampling, achieving state-of-the-art jailb…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentMay 12, 2026

SkillSafetyBench: Evaluating Agent Safety under Skill-Facing Attack Surfaces

Chang Jin, An Wang, Zeming Wei, Kai Wang +6 more

The paper introduces SkillSafetyBench, a comprehensive benchmark demonstrating that agent safety failures often stem from adversarial influences within reusable skills and execution environments, rath…

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 29, 2026

Triaging Threats to Specialized Guardrails

Wenjie Jacky Mo, Xiaofei Wen, Rui Cai, Boyu Zhu +5 more

The paper introduces RouteGuard, a router-expert framework, to improve the robustness and generalization of safety guardrails by specializing threat detection across multiple unsafe categories.

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 29, 2026

Triaging Threats to Specialized Guardrails

Wenjie Jacky Mo, Xiaofei Wen, Rui Cai, Boyu Zhu +5 more

The paper introduces RouteGuard, a router-expert framework, to improve the robustness and generalization of safety guardrails by specializing threat detection across multiple distinct unsafe categorie…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMay 19, 2026

Exploring and Developing a Pre-Model Safeguard with Draft Models

Hongyu Cai, Arjun Arunasalam, Yiming Liang, Antonio Bianchi +1 more

The paper proposes a novel pre-model safeguard that uses small draft models (SLMs) to predict the safety of prompts, significantly reducing false-negative rates while maintaining low computational ove…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentApr 8, 2026

TraceSafe: A Systematic Assessment of LLM Guardrails on Multi-Step Tool-Calling Trajectories

Yen-Shan Chen, Sian-Yao Huang, Cheng-Lin Yang, Yun-Nung Chen

The paper introduces TraceSafe-Bench, a comprehensive benchmark, and finds that securing LLM agents requires jointly optimizing for structural reasoning and safety alignment to mitigate risks during m…

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cs.CRRecentMay 6, 2026

You Snooze, You Lose: Automatic Safety Alignment Restoration through Neural Weight Translation

Marco Arazzi, Vignesh Kumar Kembu, Antonino Nocera, Stjepan Picek +1 more

The paper introduces NeWTral, a framework that restores safety alignment to specialized LLM adapters without sacrificing their domain-specific knowledge, achieving a significant reduction in attack su…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentMar 23, 2026

SecureBreak -- A dataset towards safe and secure models

Marco Arazzi, Vignesh Kumar Kembu, Antonino Nocera

The paper introduces SecureBreak, a manually annotated, safety-oriented dataset designed to help detect harmful outputs from large language models (LLMs) that bypass existing security alignments.

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cs.CRcs.CVRecentApr 17, 2026

TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models

Chaoshuo Zhang, Yibo Liang, Mengke Tian, Chenhao Lin +5 more

This paper introduces TwoHamsters, a new benchmark that rigorously tests Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety (MCCU) in text-to-image models, demonstrating that current state-of-the-art models and saf…

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentMay 29, 2026

DataShield: Safety-degrading Data Filtering for LLM Benign Instruction Fine-Tuning

Junbo Zhang, Qianli Zhou, Xinyang Deng, Wen Jiang +2 more

DataShield proposes an efficient method to identify safety-degrading samples within benign datasets, preventing the degradation of LLM safety capabilities during fine-tuning.

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentMay 29, 2026

DataShield: Safety-degrading Data Filtering for LLM Benign Instruction Fine-Tuning

Junbo Zhang, Qianli Zhou, Xinyang Deng, Wen Jiang +2 more

DataShield proposes an efficient method to identify safety-degrading samples within benign datasets, quantifying each sample's contribution to an LLM's compliance behavior.

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 31, 2026

BraveGuard: From Open-World Threats to Safer Computer-Use Agents

Yunhao Feng, Xiaohu Du, Xinhao Deng, Yifan Ding +12 more

BraveGuard is a self-evolving defense framework that significantly improves the safety monitoring of computer-use agents by generating guard model supervision from open-world threat discovery and real…

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cs.CRcs.CLRecentMay 31, 2026

BraveGuard: From Open-World Threats to Safer Computer-Use Agents

Yunhao Feng, Yifan Ding, Xiaohu Du, Ming Wen +12 more

BraveGuard is a self-evolving defense framework that improves the safety of computer-use agents by training guard models on open-world, multi-step threat trajectories rather than static benchmarks.

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cs.CRcs.AIcs.CLRecentMay 5, 2026

Exposing LLM Safety Gaps Through Mathematical Encoding:New Attacks and Systematic Analysis

Haoyu Zhang, Mohammad Zandsalimy, Shanu Sushmita

The paper demonstrates that encoding harmful prompts as genuine mathematical problems, rather than just using mathematical formatting, effectively bypasses the safety filters of large language models.

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cs.CRRecentApr 19, 2026

GuardPhish: Securing Open-Source LLMs from Phishing Abuse

Rina Mishra, Gaurav Varshney, Doddipatla Sesha Sahithi

The paper introduces GuardPhish, a large-scale dataset and evaluation framework, demonstrating that even high-performing open-source LLMs can generate actionable phishing content despite accurate inte…

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cs.CRcs.AIRecentMar 17, 2026

Security Assessment and Mitigation Strategies for Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Defensive Framework

Taiwo Onitiju, Iman Vakilinia

The paper establishes a standardized security assessment framework and develops a multi-layered defensive system, demonstrating that systematic testing and external defenses are crucial for safe LLM d…

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cs.CRcs.LGRecentApr 22, 2026

Breaking Bad: Interpretability-Based Safety Audits of State-of-the-Art LLMs

Krishiv Agarwal, Ramneet Kaur, Colin Samplawski, Manoj Acharya +5 more

The paper conducts an interpretability-driven safety audit of eight state-of-the-art LLMs, demonstrating that while interpretability-based steering is a powerful auditing tool, model robustness varies…

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cs.CLcs.CRRecentMay 8, 2026

GLiGuard: Schema-Conditioned Classification for LLM Safeguard

Urchade Zaratiana, Mary Newhauser, George Hurn-Maloney, Ash Lewis

GLiGuard introduces a compact, schema-conditioned bidirectional encoder that achieves state-of-the-art performance in LLM content moderation across multiple safety dimensions while drastically reducin…

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